TENSES (Part 3)


TENSES   (Part 3)
          In this TENSES (Part 3) we will discuss Future Tense and its four sub-tenses.
FUTURE TENSE

A Future Tense is a tense that expresses an action that has not yet occurred or a state that does not yet exist.  It is used to anticipate an action, or to offer a promise to do something in the future, or to express an intention to carry out an action in the future.
Future Tense has four (4) sub-divisions namely: (1) Future Simple Tense or Future Indefinite Tense, (2) Future Continuous Tense or Future Progressive Tense, (3) Future Perfect Tense, and (4) Future Perfect Continuous Tense or Future Perfect Progressive Tense.
(1)                 Future Simple Tense or Future Indefinite Tense

Future Simple Tense or Future Indefinite Tense is used to express an action which has not occurred yet, but will occur in the future, after the statement being made.
Examples:
(i)                I will write my English Test tomorrow.
(ii)             Susan shall wash the dirty clothes in the afternoon.
(iii)           The principal intends to address the final-year students by 1.00pm today.
(iv)           I will be impelled to write a report to the chief inspector of education if the headmistress fails to refrain from her extortion, in a week’s time.
(v)             I am visiting the traditional ruler of our clan this evening.
(2) Future Continuous Tense or Future Progressive Tense       
Future Continuous Tense or Future Progressive Tense is used to express an action that will be continued or that will be ongoing in the future.
Examples:
(i)                Chief Yaphere Onosakponome shall be travelling from Sapele to Ijebu Ode next Monday.
(ii)             The lawyer shall be defending his client, Tommy, who is a hardened criminal, at the high court tomorrow.
(iii)           The Super Eagles of Nigeria will be playing a friendly match with the Black Stars of Ghana in a fortnight
(iv)           I shall be interviewing a group of job applicants by Tuesday next week, if all arrangements work out as scheduled
(v)             The Urhobo Progress Union (UPU) will be electing new national officers in the first week of December, 2016.
(3)  Future Perfect Tense
          A Future Perfect Tense is used to express an action which will occur in the future and is expected to be completed at some point or time in the future.   In other words, a Future Perfect Tense expresses a sense of completion or perfection of an action which will occur in the future.
 Examples:
(i)                Chief Yaphere Onosakponome shall have arrived Ijebu Ode by dusk on Monday next week.
(ii)             Junior  will have written his West African Senior School Certificate
Examination, before the end of June next year. 
(iii)           I will have left for Warri before you will get to Abraka with my particulars in the evening.
(iv)           Itive Primary School, Oteri-Ughelli, will have been 65 years by 2020, as it was founded in 1955.
(4)  Future Perfect Continuous Tense or Future Perfect Progressive Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense or Future Perfect Progressive Tense is used to express a continued or an ongoing action that will start in the future and will continue until some other time in the future.  It gives a sense of time reference that the action will start at some time in the future and will continue until it is completed at some specified time in the future.
Examples:
(i)              In January next year, Moses will have been studying medicine for five years at the Delta State University, Abraka.
(ii)           At the end of 2016, Mrs. Omedaye Akpoghweneke will have been working in the university for 30 years.
(iii)        I will have been boarding my international bus from Nigeria to Ghana, by dawn tomorrow.
(iv)         Umukoro shall have been releasing his latest musical album by Monday next week.
(v)            By 2020, Nigeria will have been a country colonially amalgamated for 106 years.
Note: If there is no time reference or sense of time reference in a sentence, then it has no Future Perfect Continuous Tense or Future Perfect Progressive Tense because there is no hint about the time of action when it will start in future, and it seems just an ongoing action in future which resembles Future Continuous Tense or Future Progressive Tense. So the reference of time differentiates between Future Perfect Continuous Tense or Future Perfect Progressive Tense and Future Perfect Tense.


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